Which e-invoice format do I need?

Questions

What is the difference between XRechnung and ZUGFeRD?

XRechnung is a pure XML format required for German public-sector invoices. ZUGFeRD combines a human-readable PDF with embedded XML, which suits B2B recipients that may not process XML. Both are profiles of EN 16931.

Do I need Peppol or can I just use XRechnung?

It depends on your recipient. Peppol is a delivery network, XRechnung is a format. German public-sector buyers typically receive XRechnung via Peppol; Belgian B2B invoicing runs over Peppol; for cross-border EU invoicing Peppol has the widest reach.

Is Factur-X the same as ZUGFeRD?

Yes. Factur-X and ZUGFeRD share one technical specification, the joint Franco-German standard. A file that validates as ZUGFeRD is also valid Factur-X.

Which format should I use for cross-border EU invoices?

Peppol BIS Billing 3.0. It uses UBL or CII syntax, both EN 16931 compliant, and works across every Peppol-connected country.

Can I use one format for all my invoices?

If your recipients are in several countries, Peppol BIS 3.0 gives the best coverage. For purely domestic invoicing use the country format: XRechnung or ZUGFeRD in Germany, Factur-X in France, and so on.